Doodlebrary

Doodlebrary

. What is GORD?

• A chronic digestive condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus.
• Known as GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) in some regions.
• Caused by malfunction of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES), which prevents acid from escaping the stomach.

2. Symptoms of GORD

• Heartburn: A burning sensation in the chest, especially after eating or lying down.
• Regurgitation: Acid or food flowing back into the throat or mouth, causing a sour or bitter taste.
• Chest pain: Pain in the chest area, often mistaken for heart-related issues.
• Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing, feeling of food stuck in the throat.
• Chronic cough or hoarseness: Due to acid irritating the throat.
• Sore throat or laryngitis: Persistent throat irritation.

3. Causes of GORD

• Weak or malfunctioning LES: Allows stomach acid to move into the esophagus.
• Obesity: Extra pressure on the abdomen increases reflux risk.
• Hiatal hernia: Part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, promoting acid reflux.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased abdominal pressure.
• Smoking: Weakens the LES, allowing acid backflow.
• Dietary triggers: Fatty foods, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods.

4. Risk Factors for GORD

• Obesity or overweight.
• Pregnancy.
• Smoking.
• Hiatal hernia.
• Certain medications (e.g., NSAIDs, aspirin).
• Age: GORD is more common in older adults.
• Stress: Can worsen symptoms.

5. Complications of GORD

• Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus lining, which can cause ulcers or bleeding.
• Esophageal strictures: Narrowing of the esophagus due to scar tissue.
• Barrett’s Esophagus: Pre-cancerous changes to the esophagus lining.
• Esophageal cancer: Long-term untreated GORD increases the risk of this cancer.

6. Diagnosis of GORD

• Clinical evaluation: Based on symptoms and medical history.
• Endoscopy: Examining the esophagus for damage or inflammation.
• Esophageal pH monitoring: Measures acid levels over 24 hours.
• Manometry: Tests muscle function of the esophagus and LES.

7. Treatment of GORD

• Lifestyle changes:
  • Lose weight if overweight.
  • Avoid food and drinks that trigger symptoms (spicy, fatty, caffeinated foods).
  • Stop smoking and reduce alcohol consumption.
  • Eat smaller meals, avoid lying down after eating.
  • Elevate the head of the bed while sleeping.
• Medications:
  • Antacids: Neutralize stomach acid (over-the-counter).
  • H2 blockers: Reduce acid production (e.g., ranitidine, famotidine).
  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): Stronger acid reducers (e.g., omeprazole, esomeprazole).
• Surgery:
  • Fundoplication: Strengthening the LES by wrapping part of the stomach around it.
  • LINX device: A magnetic ring placed around the LES to prevent acid reflux.

8. Prevention of GORD

• Healthy weight maintenance: Reduces pressure on the stomach.
• Avoid lying down after meals: Wait at least 2-3 hours after eating.
• Wear loose-fitting clothes: Tight clothing can increase pressure on the abdomen.
• Limit trigger foods: Avoid alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, and spicy foods.

9. When to See a Doctor

• If you experience persistent heartburn or acid reflux more than twice a week.
• If over-the-counter medications don’t relieve symptoms.
• If you have difficulty swallowing or chest pain.
• If symptoms disrupt your quality of life or sleep.

10. Conclusion

• GORD is a common but treatable condition.
• Managing it through lifestyle changes, medication, and possibly surgery can prevent complications.
• Early intervention is key to avoiding long-term damage to the esophagus.